8.1 Photosynthesis uses light energy to make food

Summary:
- Photosynthesis takes place in choloroplast
- Choloroplast contians chlorophylls that makes those organelles green

- Leaves are the major sites of photosynthesis in most plants

- Chloroplasts are concentrated in mesophyll's cells of leaves

- Carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits through the stomata of a leaf
- Veins delivers things throughout the leaf and other parts of the leaf

- The inner membrane of a chloroplast encloses stroma, and stroma are fromed by thylakoids

- The structures of chloroplast organize the complex series of chemical reactions that make up the processes of photosynthesis

- Chemical equation for photosynthesis:6CO2+ 6H2O --- C6H12O6 + 6O2

- Stages of photosynthesis: light reaction & Calvin cycle

- Light reaction convertthe energy in sunlight to chemical energy and store it in NADPH and ATP

- Calvin cycle makes sugar from the atoms in carbon dioxide plus the hydrogen ions and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH

- Calvin cycle doesn't directly need light to begin but light reaction does

Vocabulary:

1) chloroplast - cellular organelle where photosynthesis takes place

2) chlorophylls - chemical compounds that give give chloroplasts green color

3) stroma - thick fluid contained in the inner membrane of a chloroplast

4) thylakoids - disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast; site of the light reactions of photosynthesis

5) light reaction - chemical reactions that convert the sun's energy to chemical energy; take place in the membranes of thylakoids in the chloroplast

6) Calvin cycle - cycle in plants that makes sugar from carbon dioxide, H+ ions, and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH

Conecept Check:

1.

2. Reactants: carbon dioxide, water; products: glucose, oxygen

3. The light reaction and the Calvin Cycle. They are related becasue the energy converted by the light reaction were stored in ATP and NADPH, and those two are the two input supplies of the Calvin cycle.